网上有关微乐河北麻将免费房间怎么开挂(详细开挂教程)

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网上有关“有谁能告知我一些英语老师的日常课堂用语啊”话题很是火热,小编也是针对有谁能告知我一些英语老师的日常课堂用语啊寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,希望能够帮助到您。

您好:手机麻将有挂是真的吗这款游戏可以开挂,确实是有挂的,咨询加微信【】很多玩家在这款游戏中打牌都会发现很多用户的牌特别好,总是好牌,而且好像能看到其他人的牌一样。所以很多小伙伴就怀疑这款游戏是不是有挂,实际上这款游戏确实是有挂的
http://www.boyicom.net/sheng/1.jpg
1.手机麻将有挂是真的吗这款游戏可以开挂,确实是有挂的,通过添加客服微信 2.咨询软件加微信【】在"设置DD功能DD微信手麻工具"里.点击"开启". 3.打开工具.在"设置DD新消息提醒"里.前两个选项"设置"和"连接软件"均勾选"开启"(好多人就是这一步忘记做了) 4.打开某一个微信组.点击右上角.往下拉."消息免打扰"选项.勾选"关闭"(也就是要把"群消息的提示保持在开启"的状态.这样才能触系统发底层接口)

搜到了这个 希望对你有帮助

课堂用语

1.上课(Beginning a class)

(1)Let’s start now./Let’s begin our class/lesson.

(2)Stand up,please.

(3)Sit down,Pease.

2.问候(Greeting)

(4)Hello,boys and girls/children.

(5)Good morning,class/everyone/everybody/children/boys and girls.

(6)Good afternoon,class/everyone/everybody/children/boys and girls.

(7)How are you today?

3.考勤(Checking attendance)

(8)Who’s on duty today?/Who’s helping this morning/today?

(9)Is everyone/everybody here/present?

(10)Is anyone away?/Is anybody away?

(11)Is anyone absent?/Is anybody absent?

(12)Who’s absent?/Who’s away?

(13)Where is he/she?

(14)Try to be on time./Don’t be late next time.

(15)Go back to your seat,please.

(16)What day is it today?

(17)What’s the date today?

(18)What’s the weather like today?

(19)What’s it like outside?

4.宣布(Announcing)

(20)Let’s start working./Let’s begin/start a new lesson./Let’s begin/start our lesson.

(21)First,let’s review/do some review.

(22)What did we learn In the last lesson?

(23)Who can tell/remember what we did In the last lesson/ yesterday?

(24)Now we’re going to do something new/different./Now let’s learn something new.

(25)We have some now words/sentences.

5.提起注意(Directing attention)

(26)Ready?/Are you ready?

(27)Did you get there?/Do you understand?

(28)Is that clear?

(29)Any volunteers?

(30)Do you know what to do?

(31)Be quiet,please./Quiet,please.

(32)Listen,please.

(33)Listen carefully,please.

(34)Listen to the tape recorder/the recording.

(35)Look carefully,please.

(36)Look over here.

(37)Watch carefully.

(38)Are your watching?

(39)Please look at the black-board/picture/map…

(40)Pay attention to your spelling/pronunciation.

6.课堂活动(Classroom activities)

(41)Start!/Start now.

(42)Everybody together./All together.

(43)Practise in a group./Practise In groups/In groups,please.

(44)Get into groups of three/four…

(45)Every body find a partner/friend.

(46)In pairs,please.

(47)One at a time./Let’s do It one by one.

(48)Now you,please./Your turn(Students name).

(49)Next,please.Now you do the same,please.

(50)Let’s act./Let’s act out/do the dialogue.

(51)Who wants to be A?

(52)Practise the dialogue,please.

(53)Now Tom will be A,and the other half will be B.

(54)Please take(play)the part of…

(55)Whose turn is It?

(56)It’s your turn.

(57)Wait your turn,please.

(58)Stand inline./Line up.

(59)One by one./One at a time,please.

(60)In twos./In pairs.

(61)Don’t speak out.

(62)Turn around.

7.请求(Request)

(63)Could you please try It again?

(64)Could you please try the next one?

(65)Will you please help me?

8.鼓励(Encouraging)

(66)Can you try?

(67)Try,please.

(68)Try your best./Do your best.

(69)Think it over and try again.

(70)Don’t be afraid/shy.

9.指令(Issuing a command)

(7)Say/Read after me,please.

(72)Follow me,please.

(73)Do what do.

(7)Repeat,please./Repeat after me.

(75)Once more,please./One more time,please.

(7)Come here,please.

(77)Please come to the front./Come up and write on the blackboard/chalkboard.

(78)Come and write It on the blackboard.

(79)Please go back to your seat.

(80)In English,please.

(81)Put your hand up,please.Raise your hand,please.

(82)Put your hands down,please./Hands down,please.

(83)Say it/Write it in Chinese/English.

(84)Please take out your books.

(85)Please open your books at page…/Find page…/Turn to Page…

(86)Please answer the question/questions./Please answer my qllllst1On(s).

(87)Please read this letter/word/sentence out loud./Please readout this letter/word/sentence.

(88)Please stop now./Stop now,please./Stop here,please.

(89)Clean up your desk/the classroom,please.

(90)It’s clean-up time./Tidy up your desk/the classroom.

(91)Put your things away./Clean off your desk./Pick up the scraps·

(92)Clean the blackboard.

(93)Plug in the tape-recorder,please.

(94)Put the tape-recorder away.

(95)Put the tap,In it’s box/cassette.

(96)Listen and repeat.

(97)Look and listen.

(98)Repeat after me.

(99)Follow the words.

(100)Fast./Quickly!/Be quick,please.

(101)Hurry!/Hurry up,please.

(102)Slow down,please.

(10)Slowly.

(104)Bring me some chalk,please.

10.禁止和警告(Prohibition and warning)

(105)Stop talking./Stop talking now,please.

(106)Don’t talk./Everybody quiet,please.

(107)Don’t be silly.

(108)Settle down.

11.评价

(109)Good,thank you.

( 10)Good/Very good./God job./Good work./Good example.

(111)A good answer./Nice work.

(112)Excellent./Great!/Well done./Very good./I like the way you

(13)That’s Interesting!

(114)Don’t worry about It./No problem.

(115)OK!/That’s OK.

(116)I don’t think so.

(117)That’s not quite right,any other answers?/That’s close/That’s almost right.

(118)Not quite,can anyone help him/her?/try again.

(119)A good try.

12.布置作业(Setting homework)

(120)For today’s homework…

(121)Practise after class./Practise at home.

(122)Say it out loud,before you write It down.

(123)Copy/Print/Write each word twice.

(124)Remember(Memorize)these words/sentences.

(125)Learn these words/these sentences/this text by heart.

(126)Do your homework./Do the next lesson./Do the new work.

13.下课(Dismissing the class)

(127)Hand in your workbooks,please.

(128)Time is up.

(129)The bell is ringing.

(130)There’s the bell.

(131)There goes the bell.

(132)Let’s stop here.

(133)That’s all for today.

(134)Class is over.

(135)Good bye./Bye./See you next time.

解读剑桥TKT证书考试中的30个英语教学高频专业术语(一)

Who wants to take a chance?

Here we go!

实用课堂教学用语

1. 上课

Class begin./ It’s time for class.

Let’s have / start the lesson.

Let’s begin our lesson.

2. 起立 Stand up.

3. 同学们好 Good morning./ afternoon, everyone/ everybody/ boys and girls.

4. 请坐 Sit down, please. Please be seated.

5. 今天谁值日?Who is on duty today?

6. 大家都来了吗?Is anyone absent?

7. 出席多少人?How many students are present?

8. 班级共有多少人?How many students are there in your class?

9. 谁没来?

Who is not here?

Who isn’t at school today?

Who doesn’t come to school today?

10.你知道他为什么没来吗?What’s the matter with him? Do you know?

11.今天几月几日?What’s the date today?

12.今天星期几?What day is it today?

13.今天天气怎么样?What’s the weather like today? / How is the weather?

14.今天很冷是吧? It’s very cold, isn’t it? / It’s a cold day, isn’t it?

15.李雷,去看看是谁?Go and see, Li Lei.

16.请进 Come in, please.

17.请回,下次早点来

Go to your seat, please. But don’t be late next time.

Go and sit down. Come earlier next time.

18.坐好了,请脱帽 Sit straight, please. Take off your cap, please.

19.讲讲你星期天都做了些什么事好吗?

What did you do last Sunday? Can you tell us?

Would you please tell us what you did last Sunday?

20.那么,你能给我们讲一个故事吗?Well, could you tell us a story?

21.谁愿意到这儿来给大家讲一个故事?Who’d like to tell us a story here?

22.到谁的了?Whose turn ( is it )?

23.小张,到你的了,到这来给大家讲个故事

Xiao Zhang, it’s your turn. Come here and tell us a story.

24.大家注意听,然后就他讲的故事进行问答.

Listen to him carefully, then ask and answer about the story.

25.就你所喜欢的话题进行对话.

Make a dialogue in pairs about any topics you like.

26.好了,该学第八课了.Well, it’s time to learn Lesson 8.

Well, let’s learn the 8th lesson.

27.今天这节课,我们学习新课,第八课.

Today in this class we’ll learn a new lesson, Lesson 8.

28.学习新课前,我们复习一下第七课的生词和短语.

Before the new lesson Let’s revise / go over the new words and phrases in Lesson 7.

29.拿出练习本来,我们来听写.

Take out your exercise books. Let’s have a dictation.

30.我叫两个学生到黑板上来写.

I ask two students to write on the blackboard.

31.谁愿来写?Any volunteers?

Who would like to do it here?

Who would like to come here and write on the blackboard?

32.准备好了吗?开始! Are you ready? (Let’s ) Begin.

33.就听写到这,把你们写的交上来.

So much for the dictation. Please hand them in.

34.现在看图,两人一组进行问答.

Now look at the pictures, then ask and answer in pairs.

35.谈论这幅图,可多可少.

Talk about the picture. You can say more or less.

Say something about the picture more or less.

36.表演第七课的对话.Act out the dialogue in Lesson 7.

37.看教学挂图,回答我的问题.

Look at the wall charts and answer my/ the questions.

38.在图上你能看到什么?What can you see in the picture?

39.还有吗?还有什么吗?Anything else / more? Any other things?

40.看图一,猜一猜发生了什么事?

Look at Picture 1, and guess what ( has ) happened?

实用课堂教学用语(二)- -

1. 谁能回答这个问题?

Who would like to answer this question?

Who can answer it?

2. 会的举手!Hands up if you can.

Put up/ Raise your hands if you know the answer.

3. 好,你来答.OK, you please.

4. 下一个,你请来(答,做) Next / The next one, you please.

5. 小李,你能回答这个问题吗?Can you (answer this one), Xiao Li?

6. 小林,你呢?(你能回答吗?) What /How about you, Xiao Lin?

7. 你来回答这个题好吗?Would you like to / please answer this one?

8. 试一试,错了没关系.

Just have a try. It doesn’t matter if you make any mistake.

9. 是否正确?( Is he / that / it )Right or wrong? Yes or no?

10.正确/ 错误 Right./ Yes./ Wrong. / No.

11.正确吗?( Is it / that / he) Right?

12.是的,正确.Yes, ( it / he) is right.

13.不,不正确.No, ( it / he) is wrong.

14.谁来再做一次?Who would like/ wants to do it again?

15.

16.谁能用另一种方式来做?Who can do/ say it in a different other way?

17.谁有不同观点/ 看法? Who has a different idea/ opinion?

18.你是什么观点?/ 你的看法如何?What’s your opinion?

19.没听清,请你再说一遍.( I beg your ) pardon?

I didn’t hear clearly. Please say it again/ repeat it.

20.请大声点.( A little ) Louder, please.

21.稍慢点读.Read ( a bit ) slower.

22.肃静,你们最好不要在课堂上说话.

Be quiet./ Keep silent. You’d better not talk in class.

23.管好自已的事/ 别管闲事.Mind your own business.

24.不要朝窗外看.Don’t look out of the window.

25.下面学习生词.Now word study.

26.注意发音.Pay attention to your pronunciation.

27.注意听我说,并观察我的动作,然后猜词意.

Listen to me carefully and watch my actions, then guess the meaning of the word.

28.你们听明白/ 懂了吗? Are you clear?

Do you catch my idea?

29.这个词是什么意思?What’s the meaning of the word?

30.汉语意思是什么?The Chinese ( meaning).

Give the Chinese for it.

31.好了,我们学习第二部分对话.

Well, let’s come to Part II, the dialogue.

Well, let’s come to the dialogue in Part II.

32.下面听录音,听前快速看一下黑板上的问题.

Now listen to the tape. Before listening, read through the questions on the blackboard.

33.听音时合上书.Close/ Shut your books while listening.

Books closed. / shut while listening to the tape.

Listen to the tape with your books closed/ shut.

Listen to the tape without your books.

34.回答黑板上的问题.Answer the questions on the blackboard.

35.我们来核对答案.Let’s check the answers.

36.一题,哪个正确?No. 1, which one is right?

37.下一个,哪个正确?Next, which is the right answer?

38.最后一题最难,正确答案是C,选对的举手.

The last( one ) is the most difficult/ hardest. The right answer is C. Put up your hands if you choose right.

39.再听一遍,并跟着读.Listen to the tape again and read after it.

Now, once again/ more /over, read after it this time.

40.注意语调.Pay attention to your intonation.

英语课堂用语大全(三)- -

1. 好啦,就听到这.OK, stop here.

2. 打开书,两人一组读对话.Open your books and read the dialogue in pairs.

3. 口答练习册上的习题一. Do Exercise One in the workbook orally.

Now, workbook, Exercise 1, do it orally.

Answer the questions of Exercise 1 in your workbooks orally.

4. 谁能帮他指出来?

Who can point it out?/ Who can correct the mistakes for him?

5. 注意,不要再犯同样的错误.Be careful./ Take care. Don’t make the same mistake again.

6. 好了,接着来.Well, let’s go on ( with it )

7. 接下去做习题.Let’s go on to do the exercises.

8. 看动作猜猜他们在干什么?Look at them/ their actions and guess what they are doing.

9. 下面进行书面作业?Now written work.

10.用下列词语写一篇150字的短文,十分钟完成.

Write a 150-word passage with / using the following expressions in ten minutes.

11.写一段对话尽可能使用列词语.Make a dialogue using the following expressions as much as you can/ possible.

12.写完了吗?Have you finished it/ the writing? Finish up?

13.我找两名同学,把你们写的对话读出来.

I ask 2 students to read out their dialogues.

14.下面学习课文.Now we study / learn the text.

15.你知道某人或某事吗?/ 你听说过…吗?你能谈一谈他的情况?

Do you know sb./ sth? Have you heard of sb./ sth?

16.今天,我们学习一篇关于…的文章.

Today we’ll learn a passage/ an article about sb./sth.

17.首先,我给大家介绍课文大意.

First I tell you the main/ general idea about it.

18.快速读课文,并找到这个问题的答案.

OK. Now read the text quickly and find out the answer to this question.

19. 谁找到答案了?Who find/ know the answer?

20. 再细读一遍课文,然后回答练习册24页上的问题.

Read it in detail/ more carefully for the second time, then answer the answer questions on Page 24 of your workbooks.

21. 找出疑难点.Find out the difficulties and what you don’t understand.

22. 谁能帮他解答这个问题?

Who can help him with the question?

Who can help him out?

23. 你最好用英语说.

You’d better say it in English.

24. 如果你用英语说有困难,可以用汉语.

You may say it in Chinese if you have difficulty in speaking English / can’t speak it in English.

25. 好,我告诉你们这两个句子的区别.

OK. I tell you the differences between the two sentences.

26. 这两个词有什么不同?What’s the difference between the two words?

27. 请举例说明.( Give us ) An example, please.

这个词可以这样用.We can use it (in) this way / like this.

英语课堂用语(四)- -

英语课堂用语

作者:曾春健 转贴自:本站原创 点击数:3356

课堂常规用语

一、 打招呼(Greetings)

Good morning, class.

Good afternoon, class 4.

Good morning, everybody.

Good afternoon, everyone.

Good morning, boys and girls.

Good afternoon, children.

How are you all today?

Are you all well this morning?

打招呼之后,可以增加一两句(Beginning a chat)

Well, did you have a good weekend?

Well, did you enjoy the holiday?

Well, what did you do yesterday evening?

Tell me what you did at the weekend?

谈谈学生衣着发型也可以:

Oh, you\'ve got a new dress on. It\'s very nice.

Oh, you\'ve got a new hair style.

二、考勤(Checking attendance)

1.点名

Right ! I\'m going to call the row.

OK ! Listen while I call your names.

Now ! I\'ll take the register.

Quiet f now, please. Listen while I see if you\'re all here.

2.问缺席情况

Now ! Let\'s see who\'s absent.

Right ! Let\'s see if anyone\'s away.

Is anybody absent?

Is everybody here?

3. 关照新生

Oh, are you new?

OK, are you a pupil?

You have just come to this class (school), haven\'t you?

Where do you come from?

What\'s your name?

Do you like the school?

Welcome to our class.

4. 谈缺勤原因

Where\'s Wang Hai?

Does anyone know where Li is?

Can anyone tell me where Liu has gone?

Who knows when he will be back?

Han Meimei is ill today, isn\'t she?

5. 关照病愈者

You were absent for three lessons last week.

Did you catch a cold?

Oh, I\'m sorry.

You\'ll catch up l won\'t you?

Don\'t worry.

You\'ve been absent for days, haven\'t you?

You were away last lesson, weren\'t you?

\' What was the matter?

Why were you away?

Are you better?

How are you feeling now?

Do you feel better?

Well, Jane, ask your friends to help you.

OK, you\'d better ask your neighbour to tell you what we\'ve done.

Come and see me after the lesson, OK?

三.介绍

Now, let me introduce myself.

I\'ll just tell you a bit about myself.

My name is..., spelt...

I\'ve been teaching in the school for 1O years.

I come from Shanghai.

I worked for a newspaper until last year.

And what about you?

Will you introduce yourselves?

四.开始谈话

T: I went to the Summer Palace (引出话题)

Yesterday. Did any of you go?

No?... Well, (无人回答,问某一学生)

What did you do, -.. er... Zhang Hong.

Zhang:... er... I-. - er. -. in home. (学生响应断断续续)

T: Oh, you stayed at home. (“搭救“说话的学生 )

Zhang: Yes, I stay at home.

T: OK, you stayed at home. (暗中纠正时态)

What did you do then?

Zhang:... TV...

T: Oh, you watched television 9 didn\'t you? Which programme?

(继续问下去困难,可就此打住 )

有关用语还有:

Tell me what you did 1ast night.

Will you te11 me a bit about your weekend?

Could you tell us more about the programme?

How did you like yesterday\'s party?

五.建议 (Suggesting)

Let\'s go through the text.

Could you open your textbook and find Ex. 5 on page 45?

Could you take out the cards?

Will you all think of some questions to ask each other?

Will you get together in groups and discuss the idea?

Try to think it out for yourself.

Let\'s work out how you could plan your piece of writing.

Now you\'ve answered all the questions in full. You need to say a bit

more about that.

You\'d better get that right.

六.提起注意 (Directing students\' attention)

Quiet, now, please. Let\'s work in pairs.

Will you face the people in front of you?

Fine. Look again carefully.

Are you ready to listen?

Are you all listening? OK, then.

Now then something new! Let\'s change the topic.

That was quite good, let\'s do it once more.

七.请求(Making polite requests)

Could you possibly plug the cassette player in for me?

Can you check thetch is on?

Will you go and fetch some chalk?

Will you find the wall charts?

Has anybody seen the stick/tape/drawing pins?

Please could you put it up here?

Please would you mind cleaning the board?

八.指导 (Giving instructions)

1. 纠正语音

You\'d better listen again.

Will you listen carefully?

Now listen to the sound [a:].Not [a ], like this - you try.

Don\'t forget it\'s [[] not [a ] in and.

Now listen. There\'s something different, What\'s different? Listen.

2. 启发思路

Suppose a friend needs advice on the subject-

You could agree with the other person and say something else.

You may ask the reason.

Shal1 1 demonstrate? Keep to the same pattern, ~ OK?

What do you think the author will say next?

I\'ll give you a cue. It\'s something to do with -.

Let me give you some help. When did the man use the word?

3. 介绍方法

You\'d better put them together-

Ask each other questions to find out what is different.

Look at the sentence before and see if you can guess.

You sort out these sentences, then copy them, taking care with

capital letters.

You fill the blanks in these sentences, then write them neatly.

4. 示范动作

Look at what I\'m doing.

You may do as I do.

Please look at my mouth, like this -.

九 宣告 (Announcements)

1.宣布教学计划

Today we\'re going to do three main things.

First l I\'m going to introduce a few new words about weather. Then

you\'re going to write a dialogue and act it out. After that, we are

going to learn a new song.

2. 宣布某些事项

I have something to tell you before you go.

There\'s a club meeting on Saturday. If you want to attend it, please

write your name on thispiece of paper.

3. 宣布教学项目

Well, now, we\'re going to practise a short dialogue.

l want to introduce to you a new programme now.

十.解释 (Explaining)

Listen to me and I\'ll explain the meaning of the word.

Let me use the picture to show its meaning.

The word ends in \'tion\' so it must be a noun-

Let\'s see if you can guess. I\'ll give you an example: -.

We can use this sentence to express -.

What does it mean in the context? It\'s clear that the man used it to

blame the boy.

Look at the picture here- The man is standing by the window. Perhaps

he is interested in

What is happening in the street.

What might happen in a few minutes? The boy is getting angry with

Mary.

There are three people sitting by the river. They are looking at the

ship. The ship is very beautiful.

十一.禁止 (Forbidding)

T: OK t everybody. Quiet now please! No more talking.

Wang Hai, stop chatting now. And you, Li Guang! Whose turn is it?

S: It\'s my turn. (教学继续进行......)

No talking!

No chatting

Stop making a noise.

Without disturbing the others.

No more shouting !

客气一些:

Please will you stop interrupting the others J

Would you mind not whispering?

严重一些:

There\'ll be trouble if you go on disturbing the others\'

I\'ll report you to Miss Zhou if you go on being silly !

更严重些:

You shouldn\'t be have (be behaving) like that!

Why are you passing notes?

You can\'t copy ! Do it on your own !

No dreaming1 Wake up! -

Stop turning round !

训练中禁止

No writing while I\'m talking.

Don\'t move your lips while (you\'re) reading.

No, Wang Hai, that\'s not the way to learn English properly\'

No, Han Meimei, it\'s not good to do pair practice like that-

You\'re doing it the wrong way.

十二.指命 (Issuing a command)

By yourself. This is practice for the exam.

Books closed.

Back into groups, each person can say it in turn.

You work in twos with two pictures.

Silence.

Quiet please.

Stop now.

Watch how I write it.

Watch how to do it.

Now, turn round, face the back ) without looking at the board.

十三.警告(Warning)

Careful. This is a hard sentence-

Don\'t forget to write neatly.

Make sure your spaces between words are clear.

See that your \'U\'s are different from your \'v\' s.

Copy them taking care with spelling.

Watch your punctuation.

十四、评价 (Evaluating)

Wonderful !

Good !

Very good J

That was good.

Not bad-

Well done.

That was a little better, but...

That\'s much better, but you forgot something when you pronounced

Don\'t you think you have made a little progress?

Nearly right, but you\'d better...

That was not quite right, you didn\'t...

That doesn\'t sound very good.

Not really ! /Not quite! /Watch me and I\'ll show you.

浅谈英语课堂用语的使用

TKT六百多个专业术语是其知识体系的基石,对于这些词汇,建议至少要浏览两遍以上,并且用英文流利地解释及结合实际课堂给出范例。以下在TKT基础模块1-3中遴选了30个高频术语,将分为三篇文章介绍,老师们可以在这个思路上举一反三,完成其它术语的学习整理。

1、Ask for clarification

寻求清晰的解释

在课堂交流中,由于没有听清或者听懂对方的语言,往往会请求重复或者重新组织一次话语;我们常用”What do you mean?””Could you please say again?””What do you say?”来寻求更清晰的表达。

2、Authentic material

真实材料

多数为母语为英语的人阅读、听的材料:如当地的报纸、电台广播、饭馆菜单、博物馆向导说明等。这种材料并不是为了英语学习者而量身准备的,因此学生在接触时会感觉到困难,需要老师的帮助及背景介绍等。

3、Brainstorm

头脑风暴

通常作为口语、写作课的热身准备活动。老师给出一个主题,学生围绕该主题相处的相关内容。不是经过深思熟虑的,而是“冒”出来的点子!

4、Chunk

语块

以群出现的词组,包括归类词、短语、固定搭配、习语、惯用语等。如:look for/ look up/ look after/ look into/ look down等为look的词群。又如:"It's time to do something","Could you please do something", "Help yourself to do something"等。

5、Classroom management

课堂管理

一系列的有关教室、教学、学生组织的策略。如:座位安排、各种分层教学活动、教师的角色变换、师生或生生互动环节设置等。

6、Concept checking question(CCQ)

教师检验学生对于概念理解的提问

这个问题由教师提出,目的是检验学生是否已经学会新的概念;对于低年级的学生,在老师发出一系列复杂的指令后,也会提出相应的CCQ。如:在教授语法结构“used to”时,老师让学生翻译“He used to live in Paris”的含义。在检验时,老师会问”does he live in Paris now?” 学生答“No”。

7、Differentiation

分层(教学/指导/材料等)

每个学生都是独立的个体,他们的学习方式、学习能力、背景知识不尽相同。基于此,班级中的老师要根据学生的能力特点“分层”,包含:学习材料分层、课堂活动小组分配、甚至是考试形式的分层。目的是挖掘每个学生最大的学习潜力,在前进的过程中不掉队。

8、Error

此处的 “错误” 为语言学习中狭隘的错误概念。学生在尝试更高一等级的写作、口语交流中会犯的语言错误。

(1)随学随犯的错误 A developmental error这种错误特指母语为非英语的学生所犯,通常为年级较低的学生,他们在学习母语的同时,也在学习英语。例如:在过去时的表述”I goed there last week (I went there last week).”这种错误随着学生的成长可以逐渐被纠正。

(2)顽固不化的错误A fossilised error指学生在学习过程中,习惯性地犯错误,从而将这种错误变成了自己的习惯,不仅自己很难改正,而且还经常复犯。例如:中文中并无“第三人称单数”这个语言规,有的成年人在学习英语的过程中,往往忽略在动词后添加“-s”“-es”,而自己却毫无意识。

9、Graded reader

分级阅读 的题材通常为故事性、小说性文章,作者/教师基于学生的英语语言程度将同一主题,不同表述的文章作为阅读材料让学生阅读。例如:《书虫系列丛书》中的世界名著与原版的世界名著在词汇选择、语法表达中都有明显的难度级差异。

10、Idiom

习语

几个单词组合在一起,共同表达的意思与单个词截然不同。例如:She felt under the weather means that she felt ill.

第一篇暂时介绍这10个TKT术语,欢迎大家持续关注后续文章。剑桥TKT教师资格证书在国内英语教师中越来越普及,不仅仅是因为当下各大英语培训机构把TKT证书作为上岗的基本要求,更重要的是TKT系统的英语教学专业知识能够为老师们的专业发展奠定坚实的基础。

浅谈英语课堂用语的使用

 一、什么是英语课堂用语

 课堂用语主要指教师在课堂教学中,也就是在英语教学中用英语组织并进行教学的各个环节中所使用的口头用语。课堂教学中传授知识的主要方式是口头的,所以课堂用语主要是指在英语课堂教学中教师的口头用语。用英语来说就是“Englishclassroomexpressions”。

 二、使用课堂用语的作用、意义

 英语是一种语言,而非学问,是人们用来交流的语言工具。听、说是语言交际中最基本的形式,也是语言学习中最初始的感知环节。近年来,对学生听力理解能力的培养受到前所未有的`重视。如何从实际出发,采用切实可行的措施提高学生听力,我认为课堂用语至关重要。

 学习英语目的很简单,就是能听、说。那么听说练习最直接的方式,最多的机会就是课堂上与老师的对话、交谈。所以,教师课堂用语用得多与少、恰当与否,对学生是有很大影响的。教师天天用,学生在课堂上听的机会越多,印象就越深刻,越容易进行模仿、练习,也就越敢开口、实践。

 教育部制定颁发的中小学英语教学大纲的第二部分“教学原则”中明确提到,“学习外语必须通过听、说、读、写、译的综合训练,首先是听说训练,才能比较全面地掌握。”还提到,“在教一个新的语言项目时,一般应从口头练习开始。”其中特别强调“教师要力求自己的语音准确,要不断提高自己的口语水平,尽量做到用英语组织课堂教学”。

 从教学大纲中所提到的这些要求看,一个英语教师如果能使用好课堂用语,会对整个教学起到很大的作用。因为,课堂用语是外语课堂教学中一个重要的有机组成部分,不仅能活跃课堂气氛,增强听说语境,也是培养学生用英语思维的一种有效手段。因此,作为一名外语教师,应该十分重视自己所使用的课堂用语,要充分估计到它在教学中的积极作用,并大量运用,灵活运用,以加强学生的听说能力和口语运用能力,不断提高教学质量,为达到大纲中所规定的各项要求做出应有的努力。

 三、使用课堂用语要坚持几个原则

 1.要灵活多样、贴近生活。课堂用语由于经常、反复地在课堂上使用,学生定能模仿。因此,在表达同样的思想或内容时,如果教师可以用不同的形式结合具体情况变换地讲,可以使语言更具灵活性,学生也可以更好地理解和运用而不致感到单调、枯燥或乏味。即使有些最常用的表达方式也可以略加变换,不要总是重复单一的句式。

 例如,“Readafterme”是一句常用语,为了避免单调可以说成:“Readthetest(thenewwords)afterme.”“Readaftermeinchorus.”“Wouldyoureadafterme?”还可以把read换成say,说:“Saythewordafterme.”“Sayaftermetheword.”

 又如,想让学生重复所说的内容时,总是说“Again,please!”变换一下可以说成:“Repeat,please!”“Oncemore,please!”“Ibegyourparden?”“Wouldyoupleasesayitagain?”“Whatdidyousay?”“I’dlikeyoutosayitagain.”

 再如,当学生做得很好时,教师也可以用不同的说法来鼓励、表扬学生,如:That’sgood./That’senough./Verygood!/Excellent!/You’reveryclever.

 除了要灵活以外,贴近生活是学生非常感兴趣的。要使用好课堂用语,教师还应多加注意学生的在校生活,包括学习、体育、文娱等各个方面,教师可以问:“Whatdoesyourfatherdo?”“Who’sondutytoday?”“Where’sEnglishteachinggroup?”“Who’syourprincipal?”等类问题,增强学生自豪感。2.课堂用语要紧密配合学生所学内容。紧密配合学生所学句型、词汇使用课堂用语,可以使同学加深理解、灵活运用这些新学到的内容。学生刚学过什么时态,就有意识地在课堂用语中多使用这种时态。例如,学生学过“begoingto”这个句型后,教师可以结合具体情景反复运用这个句型,使其在理解上达到自然、熟练的程度。如:I’mgoingtoaskaquestion.You’regoingtodotheexercise.We’regoingtohaveadictation,aren’twe?

 3、课堂用语要有连贯性。教师要根据情景连续地、自然而流畅地使用课堂用语,而不是孤立地说几个句子,做到连贯性,前后浑然一体,不要有支离破碎的感觉,逐渐在整个课堂中能连续不断地用英语组织教学,少用汉语或不用汉语。例如,设想学生回答问题的情景作连续提问:Didyoufindanythingwrong?Howwouldyousayit?What’sthecorrectanswertothisquestion?That’swrong.That’snotgoodenough.Thinkitover,andtryagain.Don’tbeshy.I’msureyouknowtheanswer.Welldone.Youdidquitewell.

 4、建立愉悦的学习环境,多鼓励,少命令。在课堂上,教师的言语应表现出对学生的尊重、关心、肯定和鼓励,营造一个良好的语言环境,减少学生的心理压力,让学生有成就感,建立平等、合作的师生关系和愉快的课堂氛围。

 在评讲学生的语病时,先肯定他们回答中对的地方,加以鼓励,使他们看到自己进步的一面,不至于失去信心而不敢回答问题。简评语病要措辞婉转、温和,像下面这类评语最好不用:“Youarewrong.”“Poorenough!”“Toofoolish!”可多说这样的句子:“Idon’tthinkitiscorrecttosay…”教师如果在课堂用语中表现得较委婉、有礼貌,也会潜移默化地感染学生,培养学生婉转、客气的表达方式,也符合英语语言的习惯。

 总之,英语课堂用语使用得多与少、恰当与否,在整个英语教学中起着相当重要的作用。教师使用课堂用语一定要持之以恒,凡是已经使用得比较熟练或学生已听懂的课堂用语,就不要再重复,尽量换新词。课堂上要用英语表达教师所要表达的意思,即课堂上尽量使用英语,努力做到这一点,日积月累,学生定会在听说上有一个全新的突破,教师也不难做到“课堂英语化,教学情境化,练习交际化”。

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