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网上有关“英译汉常用的方法技巧”话题很是火热，小编也是针对英译汉常用的方法技巧寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，希望能够帮助到您。

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英译汉常用的方法技巧

　在英译汉的过程中，有哪些好的方法与技巧呢?下面就和我一起来看看吧!

　一、一词多义(Polysemy)

　regular

　regular reading / regular job / regular flight / regular visitor / regular speed / regular army / gasoline

　delicate

　delicate skin / porcelain / upbringing / living / health / stomach / vase / diplomatic question / difference / surgical operation / ear for music / sense of smell / touch / food

　二、注意有线词的词义

　He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

　He now saw plainly the meaning of all. In the beginning, he had got a job the first day; but now he was second-hand, a damaged article, and they did not want him. They had got the best out of him, and now they had thrown him away. The situation had now become desperate. Then came another incident.

　三、词义的'引申(Extension or Generalization)

　1) Extend the word meaning to cover an abstraction concept

　His novel is a mirror of the times.

　The OED is the final court of appeal in all matters concerning English words.

　Sam knows he can depend on his family, rain or shine.

　2) Extend the word meaning to cover a specific concept

　In two years, he was a national phenomenon.

　Public opinion is demanding more and more that something be done about noise.

　Mary?s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Jane, Mary?s half-sister.

　四、词义的褒贬(Commendatory and Derogatory)

　The reckless driver died in the traffic accident.

　Poor Joe?s panic lasted for two or three days; during which he did not visit the house.

　It was time to hold a court and the subject for discussion was the future of that prisoner.

　John was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well.

　The invaders met a stubborn resistance from the local people.

　She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.

　Exercises

　I have no opinion of that sort of man.

　She put five dollars into my hand. ?You have been a great man today.?

　I?m afraid you?re being too particular about your food.

　I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two.

　The picture flattered her.

　The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England.

　五、转译成动词

　(一)名词转译动词(Convert nouns into verbs)

　My admiration for him grew more.

　He said he did not know whether Tom was ready for a showdown.

　To some extent it gets into the question of the chicken or the egg.

　The Nobel prizes in physics and chemistry were rewarded to Americans, giving the U.S. a clean sweep of all the 1976 Nobel prizes in the sciences.

　Television is the transmission and reception of image of moving objects by radio waves.

　In the absence of friction, the vehicle could not even be started.

　Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.

　I am no drinker, nor smoker.

　The application of electronic computers makes a tremendous rise in labor productivity.

　(二)介词转译成动词(Convert prepositions into verbs)

　There are many substances through which electric currents will not flow at all.

　We are fortunate in our opponent.

　Captain Ford was between the sheets by 9 last night.

　The most he is after at this time is a chance to get more money.

　I tried to talk him out of the idea, but he was unpleasant.

　Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty.

　?Coming!? Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.

　(三)形容词转译成动词(Convert adjectives into verbs)

　He said the meeting was informative.

　They were news-hungry.

　It was a very informative meeting.

　(四)副词转译成动词(Convert adverbs into verbs)

　The experiment in chemistry was ten minutes behind.

　It has snowed over.

　Why should we let in foreign goods when Americans walk the streets because they can?t sell their own goods?

　六、转译成名词

　(一)动词转译成名词(Convert verbs into nouns)

　She knows what?s what.

　They thought differently.

　TV differs from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.

　The computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and rapid computations.

　He roared, which threatened his enemies away.

　The man I saw at the party looked and talked like an American.

　(二)形容词转译成名词

　The new treaty would be good for ten years.

　The language of the poem is colloquial, yet it?s deep in its understanding of human emotions.

　Then the monkeys were trained according to different plans so as to make them highly individualized.

　Everyday experience shows us that heavy objects are more stable than light ones.

　七、转译成形容词

　名词转译成形容词

　Their physical experiment was a success.

　The nuclear power system designed in China is of great precision.

　Said a New York bullion trader, ?The market?s gone banana.?

　He found on this issue, as on Taiwan, an identity of approach.

　In Europe, his name was well known, if not a household word.

　八、其他词类转译

　副词转译成名词

　The air-conditioning unit is shown schematically on Page 2.

　Oxygen is one of the important elements in the physical world, it is very active chemically.

　The image must be dimensionally correct.

　九、大量的英语被动句要化成汉语的主动句

　1. He said the pact had now been reduced to less than a shadow.

　2. She had no knowledge of this and had not been consulted on these reported plans.

　3. What has just been written runs the risk of oversimplification.

　4. Many voices have been raised demanding the setting up of an Arab common market.

　十、以by为着眼点，进行多种译文

　1. But real influence is not built up by striking attitude or by throwing insults.

　2. Its sincerity is illustrated not only by its proposal but also by its deeds.

　3. What I like best are the stern cliffs, with ranges of mountains soaring behind them, full of possibilities, peaks to be scaled only by the most daring.

　4. Many expect that he will be outed by one of his rivals.

　5. He said he was assured by the State Department that the U.S. is willing to normalize relations with his country.

　十一、?it + be + p.p. + that clause?的句型，常以下列形式表达

　1. It should be noted that he and she were academically more than just friends.

　2. It should be understood that to err is human.

　十二、汉译中需用被动式时，也最好多找一些字眼来取代?被?字

　1. The visitor was flattered and impressed.

　2. Everybody was fed up with her gossip.

　3. He was set upon by two naked men.

　4. If the expenditure is really necessary, the money can be found somehow.

　5. He was released immediately after Batista fled Cuba.

　十三、名词、动名词前增补动词

　1. We often go to the school-run factory for labor.

　2. Testing is a complicated problem and long experience is required for its mastery.

　十四、英语抽象名词的翻译

　1. He was still reluctant to talk substance.

　2. Many changes take place during the transformation.

　3. Her indifference kept all the visitors away from the exhibition hall.

　4. From the evaporation of water people know that liquid can turn into gases under certain conditions.

　十五、将具体形象的词译成该形象所具有的属性和特征，这是一种引申，需增词

　1. It was a Godsend to him.

　2. If you dare to play the fox with me, I?ll shoot you at once.

　十六、增添?概括?性的词

　1. He had slept there before, in July and again in October.

　2. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.

　3. The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.

　4. Proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.

　5. This report summed up the achievements in technology and education.

　十七、英文中为避免重复而省略之词，汉译时需补上，作必要的重复

　1. I hope that the meeting will not be too long, for it will only waste time.

　十八、汉译文根据原文意思增加一些必要的解释性文字

　1. And he launched into a speech, eloquently advocating his university of the future.

　2. Those were the words that were to make the world blossom for, ?like Aaron?s rod, with flowers?.

　十九、增补量词

　1. Repeat the experiment using a wooden ruler, a piece of glass, a metal spoon, a coin, a piece of paper, a pin, a plastic comb, a key, a pencil, a tin lid and a rubber eraser.

　2. On April 24th 1970, China successfully launched its first man-made earth satellite.

　二十、增补表示复数含义的词

　1. But that the old workers helped us, we should have failed.

　2. The moving parts of a machine are often oiled so that friction may be greatly reduced.

;

英语翻译的方法和技巧

1、修饰后置：修饰名词的定语可置于名词前或后，如果定语过长，则需后置。

例

原文：做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。

译文：Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.

分析：我们做翻译首先要找出句子主干，“做秘书是一份非常复杂的工作”，剩余的定语修饰工作，定语很长，而且其中含有动词，因此要后置该定语，最佳且容易的方式是定语从句。

2、分词：包括现在分词和过去分词，其作用是可以代替某些形容词和动词。现在分词表示主动进行;过去分词表示被动完成。

例

原文：站在窗户边上的男人是我们的老师。

译文：The man standing by the window is our teacher.

分析：standing by the window现在分词用作形容词，表示这个男人主动地站、正在站。

例

原文：去年建成的房子已经成为了我们的实验室。

译文：The house built last year has become our lab.

分析：built过去分词也是用作形容词，修饰房子，表示该房子被建的、已经完成的动作。

例

原文：中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。

译文：The Chinese knot, originally invented by craftsman, has become an elegant and colorful art and craft after hundred years of improvement.

分析：汉语中包含有3个小分句，而中文喜动，因此发明、改进、成为均为动词，我们要找出一个作为句子主干的谓语--成为，而其他两个另作处理，发明可以用作过去分词，表被动和完成，去修饰主语中国结，改进用作名词。

修饰后置和分词的使用是非常常见的翻译技巧，尤其是分词。为了解决中文多用动词的表达习惯，可以在一个句子中把其他多余的动词处理为分词形式，使得句子更符合英文表达习惯，也能够凸显一下自己的翻译水平，稳拿高分，

英语四级翻译有什么技巧？

　英语翻译考生要怎么复习，翻译题型考生又该怎么答？不知道的考生看过来，下面由我为你精心准备了“英语翻译的方法和技巧”仅供参考，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的内容!

英语翻译的方法和技巧

　特殊词汇短语需要切分翻译

　短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句子。名词短语、分词短语、介词短语等有时都可以分译成句。例如：

　These cheer little trams, date back to1873,chug and swai up the tower hill with bell ring and people hang from ever opening.

　这些令人欢快的小缆车建于1873年，嘎嚓嘎嚓摇摆爬上高耸的山峦。车上铃儿叮当作响，每个窗口都是人。介词短语分译)

　语言顺序特殊的调整句式顺序法

　词序调整法的英语inversion一词，不能译成“倒译”、“倒译法”或“颠倒词序”之类，否则容易和语法中的“倒装”概念相混淆。inversion作为一种翻译技巧，其意思为：翻译时对词序作必要或必不可少的改变，并不只是纯粹的颠倒词序或倒装。

　Americans do not like to be called materialistic because they feel that this unfairly accuses them of loving only material things and of having no religious values.

　美国人不喜欢被称为物质主义者, 因为他们认为指控他们只重物质利益, 没有宗教价值观是不公正的。

　上面的句式，定语从句的顺序颠倒在所修饰的名词前面了，中文语序跟英文语序不同。

　讲句子顺序时谈到，英语时间状语可前可后。不仅如此英语在表达结果、条件、说明等定语从句、状语从句也很灵活，既可以先述也可以后述。而汉语表达往往是按时间或逻辑的顺序进行的，因此，顺译法也罢逆译法也罢，其实都是为了与汉语的习惯相一致。英语表达与汉语一致的就顺译，相反的则逆译。有时候顺译法与逆译法的差别,就象前面谈的正译与反译,依译者的爱好而定。

　前置法,英语中较短的限定性定语从句、表身份特征等的同位语在译成汉语时，往往可以提到先行词(中心词)的前面。

　关于语句的行为动作的主被动

　主动语态和被动语态，这两种语态在英汉两种语言中的使用情况是很不相同的，被动语态的使用是科技文章的主要特点之一，其用法十分广泛。

　在汉语中，我们可用“被、让、把、遭、换、使、由、受到，为……所”等词来表示被动。但在汉语中的被动语态使用频率比英文要低得多。因此，在遇到被动语态时，应遵循汉语的习惯，如译成被动语态不通，则译成主动语态。

　The window of the red house ,which is very pretty , was broken by Tom .汤姆把那个非常漂亮的红色房子的窗户打破了。 本来原英文句式是“被动句”，中文翻译成了主动句。

　文段结构的集中于分散

　嵌套罗列而成的英语长句确实给理解和翻译都带来了一定困难，逻辑语法分析方法却又令人思路豁然明亮。英语句子由短到长，主要借助于连词、介词、分词、非谓语动词等手段，其中连词主要是and, but等并列连词和what, which,who等从属连词。换句话说，这些连词、介词、分词、非谓语动词等把句子分成了一个又一个的小意群。

　不定式结构(to do)常常构成不定式短语，可以用来做定语或者状语，可以是拆分点;分词包括现在分词和过去分词，常常用来构成分词短语做定语或者状语等修饰语，也可以是拆分点。

　This trend began during the Second World War ;定语从句when several governments came to the conclusion修饰the Second World War，本从句嵌套着一个二级从句即同位语从句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修饰conclusion和一个三级从句that引导的定语从句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修饰demands。

　英语文章也会有总叙述概括，或者分叙述概括的情况。有时候按照语言习惯会把英语长句直接按照并列形式，总分翻译出来。长句子和句子嵌套现象在英语中比较普遍，这是因为英语的连词、关系代词、关系副词等虚词比较活跃、生成能力强，可构成并列句、复合句以及它们的组合形式。

　拓展阅读：英语语法的学习方法

　怎么快速学好英语语法

　语法就是语言、句子的规则，只有知道了规则，掌握了规律，学习起来才会更加容易，理解起来也会更快。所以，想要提高英语成绩，学好英语语法是必须的。

　在英语中，主要有五大基本句型，判断一个句子是否正确就是围绕着这些句型来评判的，不论是简单句还是复合句，都必须要遵守这些规则。只有掌握了这些，英语的学习才会变得更简单。

　语法的学习和单词一样重要，如果不知道单词的成分，就不能确定句子的对错，所以，大家在学习单词的时候，一定要注意它的词性，不仅要能背下来，还要会用。

　动词的时态是语法学习的难点，英语和汉语不同，汉语有的时候只需要加一个时间状语就可以了，但是英语则是除了加时间状语外，动词也要有相应的变化，这些具体的变化和用法需要大家注意。

　英语语法学习技巧有哪些

　1、积极主动归纳总结语法规则

　英语学习者在学习过程中要善于主动观察、归纳、总结语法规则，不要完全依靠教师或书本的讲解。研究表明，学习者自己归纳总结的语法规则比从书本上学来的记得更好。例如动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可作宾语，归纳后可知高中有少数动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，它们主要是mind, miss, enjoy, admit, avoid, finish, escape, practice等。

　2、要善于从错误中学习

　学习者要善于从错误中学习。英语学习中出现错误是不可避免的。学习者一方面不要怕犯错误，应大胆地使用英语;另一方面，要注意纠正错误，从错误中学习。对于教师批改过的作业，一定要仔细看。在口头交际中，不能完全不顾语法，但也不能因为怕犯语法错误而不敢开口。研究表明，在口头表达中，适度地监控语法的正确性和准确性最有利于提高口语能力

　3、不要被语法术语困扰

　在语法学习中，学习者经常被某些语法术语所困扰。不同的语法书和不同的语法学家经常使用不同的语法术语，这给英语学习者造成不少困难。学习者如果遇到难以理解的语法术语，最好是请教老师，看有没有其他解释。比如有的语法书里使用“名词性从句”、“形容词性从句”等概念。有的学习者难以理解。其实，名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句等;形容词性从句一般指定语从句。

四级翻译技巧有：

1、汉译英时，需要分译的句子多数是长句，或者是结构复杂的复句。这种句子如果译成一个长句，就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚，也不符合英文习惯。如果采用分译，则会使译文简洁、易懂、层次分明。

2、把汉语内容关系密切的两个句子甚至更多句子合译为英语的一句就是合句译法。翻译时，既可以合译为一个主从句，也可合译为成分较为复杂(如包含非谓语动词等)的简单句。其优点在于不仅用词不多，而且句子显得流畅。

翻译技巧详解

汉语复句英译时，可以按照汉语复句原有的句内关系进行翻译。但如果按汉语顺序翻译，出现诸如不符合英语行文习惯、句内成分关系不明确等情况，则可以修改全句句型，使译文更加通畅。这就是转句译法。

指在翻译过程中对语序进行的转换调整。语序是指句子成分的排列次序。汉语是分析型的语言，语序比较固定。

而英语则是分析、综合参半的语言，语序既有固定的一面，又有灵活的一面。英语和汉语在基本语序上大同小异。相同的是主语、谓语和宾语的位置，不同的是状语和定语的位置。所以，在汉译英时，必须考虑到英语读者的思维习惯，适当地将译文的语序进行转换调整。

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